Microbial ecology · Enzyme evolution

Luis E.
Valentin-Alvarado, Ph.D.

Connecting microbial ecosystems
to enzyme function.

I combine ecosystem-scale genomics with biochemistry to study microbial communities, discover enzyme functions, and investigate the chemical signals that drive defense.

01 / Research

From microbial communities
to molecular chemistry.

Conceptual schematic of microbes connected around a circular mobile DNA element

Communities and mobile genetic elements

I study bacteria, archaea, and their mobile genetic elements as interacting parts of microbial ecosystems. Genome reconstruction and gene-expression analyses help me investigate how metabolism, gene exchange, and ecological interactions shape community structure.

My work spans archaea in wetland soils and biofilms sustained by deeply sourced groundwater, connecting microbial diversity to carbon, sulfur, and hydrogen cycling. I am interested in how these interactions influence biofilm formation and the organization of microbial communities.

Microbial ecology / Mobile genetic elements / Biofilms

Conceptual schematic of a folded enzyme with a bound molecule and related protein forms

Enzyme diversity and innovation

Life has evolved for at least 3.5 billion years, generating an extraordinary diversity of proteins. Yet many remain functionally unannotated or lack an experimentally established function. I connect environmental genomics, evolutionary analysis, and biochemistry to uncover what these proteins do and how their activities support life in natural environments.

Our work on archaeal hydrogenases revealed active minimal and hybrid enzymes, expanding the known diversity of hydrogen metabolism. These discoveries motivate my broader interest in how evolution generates new enzyme architectures, reactions, and biological roles.

Protein function / Enzyme evolution / Biochemistry

Conceptual schematic of an RNA stem-loop, molecular fragments, and a shield representing defense signaling

Chemical signals in microbial defense

In the Doudna Lab, I investigate where defense signals originate and what happens to the nucleic acid fragments produced during an immune response. I combine biochemistry, bacterial genetics, and structural biology to explore new chemical mechanisms, including tRNA as a potential source of second messengers.

By tracing how these molecules are generated, recognized, transformed, and cleared, I aim to understand how cells activate defense and control its duration. Resolving this chemistry could reveal how microbes balance protection with survival and provide a foundation for new molecular tools.

Defense signaling / RNA chemistry / Structural biology

Current postdoctoral research · UC Berkeley

02 / Selected publications

A closer look at the science.

All publications on Google Scholar ↗
  1. 2026

    Science

    VIPR RNA-guided DNA recognition by noncontiguous geometric triplex formation

    Yoon, P. H., Docter, T. A., Zhang, Z. T., Loi, K., Lopez, S. C., Valentin-Alvarado, L. E., et al.

    Read paper
  2. 2025

    Nature Communications

    Convergent evolution of viral-like Borg archaeal extrachromosomal elements and giant eukaryotic viruses

    Banfield, J. F., Valentin-Alvarado, L. E., Shi, L.-D., et al.

    Read paper
  3. 2025

    The CRISPR Journal · Editorial

    From Code to Comprehension: AI Captures the Language of Life

    Valentin-Alvarado, L. E. & Knott, G. J.

    Read paper
  4. 2024

    Genome Research

    Complete genomes of Asgard archaea reveal diverse integrated and mobile genetic elements

    Valentin-Alvarado, L. E., Shi, L.-D., Appler, K. E., et al.

    Read paper
  5. 2024

    Nature Communications

    Asgard archaea modulate potential methanogenesis substrates in wetland soil

    Valentin-Alvarado, L. E., Appler, K. E., De Anda, V., et al.

    Read paper
  6. 2024

    Cell · Co-first author

    Minimal and hybrid hydrogenases are active from archaea

    Greening, C., Cabotaje, P. R., Valentin Alvarado, L. E., Leung, P. M., et al.

    Read paper
  7. 2024 Read paper
  8. 2022

    Nature

    Borgs are giant genetic elements with potential to expand metabolic capacity

    Al-Shayeb, B., Schoelmerich, M. C., West-Roberts, J., Valentin-Alvarado, L. E., et al.

    Read paper

For the complete publication list, preprints, and research contributions, download my CV.

03 / About

Discovery across scales.

I am a postdoctoral scholar in Jennifer Doudna’s lab at the Innovative Genomics Institute, UC Berkeley, where I started in September 2026. I investigate the origins and fates of chemical signals in microbial defense, connecting evolutionary questions with biochemistry and structural biology.

Previously, I was a Research Fellow and then Group Leader at Monash University, with my appointment ending in August 2026. I received an HFSP Long-Term Fellowship in 2025 and completed my PhD in Microbiology at UC Berkeley in 2024, with research mentors Jillian Banfield and David Savage.

My research connects ecosystem-scale genomics with enzyme function to understand how bacteria, archaea, and mobile genetic elements shape microbial communities. I am particularly interested in combining AI for biology with structural bioinformatics to uncover uncharacterized enzyme functions and understand RNA-guided systems, gene regulation, and prokaryotic defense. By integrating genomics and evolutionary analysis with biochemistry and structural biology, I aim to connect computational predictions with experimental evidence to reveal molecular mechanisms—from carbon and energy metabolism in wetland soils and biofilms to nucleic acid signaling in microbial defense.

Read the Monash research profile

04 / Teaching & learning

Sharing the tools of discovery.

I have held an instructor appointment at Contra Costa College since 2022 and have returned to teaching General Microbiology following my move back to Berkeley. I also served as a graduate student instructor in microbiology and biochemistry at UC Berkeley. My teaching connects core biological principles with questions in health, the environment, and biotechnology.

I have mentored undergraduate and graduate researchers, including doctoral co-supervision and advisory-panel service at Monash through August 2026. I also contributed to the Bioinformatics Virtual Coordination Network, an open-source, interactive learning environment.

Read about the learning network

05 / Talks & seminars

Science in conversation.

Full speaking record in my CV

Scheduled ·

Evolutionary conflicts and signaling in microbial defense systems

Extreme Biology Institute, Montana State University · Invited virtual seminar

  1. Complete genomes from complex soils: Long-Read PacBio metagenomics for high-resolution microbial ecology

    APAC Microbiome Leadership Forum · Seoul, South Korea · November 20

    View event program ↗
  2. High-fidelity long-read sequencing enables recovery of hundreds of contiguous MAGs from wetland soils

    JAMS Brisbane, PacBio Special · Brisbane, Australia · June 18

  3. High-fidelity long reads enable hundreds of contiguous MAGs in wetland soil microbiome

    PacBio metagenomics webinar · Broadcasts October 1 and 9

    Watch the recorded webinar ↗
  4. ASM Hour · Equity, Diversity and Inclusion

    Australian Society for Microbiology · October 1

    Research presentation on long-read metagenomics, alongside perspectives on inclusion in science.

  5. PacBio PRISM

    Invited presentation · San Francisco, California · May 14

More conference and university presentations
  • 2024 · International Symposium on Microbial Ecology (ISME19), Cape Town, South Africa.
  • 2024 · Biomolecular Horizons, Melbourne, Australia.
  • 2024 · International Conference on Geo-Omics of Archaea, Shenzhen, China.
  • 2024 · Deciphering Microbiome Functions, Lorentz Center, Netherlands.
  • 2024 · Geobiology Gordon Research Conference, Galveston, Texas.
  • 2024 · 29th Molecular Microbial Ecology Group Meeting, London, United Kingdom.
  • March 19, 2024 · PhD finishing seminar, UC Berkeley.
  • March 30, 2023 · “Enigmatic mobile genetic elements in complete Asgard archaeal genomes.” Student and Postdoc Seminar, UC Berkeley.
  • 2022 · Microbiology Department, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez.
  • 2022 · Chemical Biology, Harvard University; host: Emily Balskus.
  • 2022 · International Symposium on Microbial Ecology, Lausanne, Switzerland; oral presentation.
  • 2022 · Microbial Community Ecology, Max Planck Institute, Plön, Germany; oral presentation.
  • 2021 · Plant and Microbial Biology Graduate Student Seminar, UC Berkeley.

06 / Outreach & media

Science beyond the lab.

Sharing research, opening a window into scientific careers, and connecting with communities in English and Spanish.

2022 · Español · Science at Cal

Un Vistazo al Laboratorio

A laboratory visit and introduction to my research, produced with the Consulate General of Mexico in San Francisco.

Watch on YouTube ↗

2020 · English · Science at Cal

CRISPR Lights Up COVID-19 Testing

An introduction to CRISPR-based diagnostics, with Science at Cal and the Lawrence Hall of Science.

Watch on YouTube ↗

2020 · Español · Science at Cal

CRISPR Ilumina las Pruebas de COVID-19

Una introducción a las pruebas de COVID-19 basadas en CRISPR, con Science at Cal y el Lawrence Hall of Science.

Ver en YouTube ↗

I also joined the Un Vistazo al Laboratorio panel on scientific careers. Watch the series and group discussion ↗

Interviews & profiles

Community engagement

  • 2024 · Cape Town

    Diversity in STEM, ISME19

    Panelist in a discussion on inclusion in microbial ecology.

  • 2021–2022 · Lawrence Hall of Science

    BACR News & Community Connections

    Student-led interview in March 2021, featured in the museum’s Community Connections exhibit in 2022.

  • December 2020 · TeenTechSF

    Global Youth Summit

    Keynote speaker and Spanish breakout leader for “Tech & Health: Understand More, Fear Less.”

  • October 2020 · Bay Area Science Festival

    Carreras en Ciencias ↗

    Panelist in the Spanish-language Día de la Ciencia event.

  • September 2017 · Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

    OCEANOS ↗

    Co-organizer of a public-science symposium in Spanish and Portuguese.

07 / Connect

Let’s talk science.

I welcome conversations about microbial communities, enzyme evolution, defense signaling, research collaborations, and science education.

luisva@berkeley.edu